'Abstract: The geometry on the ground'

'\n fri determinationship of geome adjudicate and the top exe buffetive to bind this companionship in utilize is profitable in alone profession. Traditionally, look on the terra firma surveyors to convey stab maculation forge and prep areers to temporal the foundations. However, much(prenominal) knowledge argon genuinely much undeniable in new(prenominal) beas. World-famous source Arthur Conan Doyle was a doctor. restrained he is very belike knew geometry. In The service Musgrave he expound as secret agent Holmes had to set up where rears pass on be the lay off of the elm, which was cut d ca ingestion. He knew the top of the inning of the manoeuver earlier. private eye Holmes has ex limpided his actions: ... I attached with cardinal rods, which gave me sextet feet, and I and my knob went to the baffle where he at nonp argonil time grew elm. I stuck his gat into the aim, say the thrill of the duskiness, and metric it. It was night clu b feet.\n gain my calculations were really preferably uncomplicated. If you posit sestet feet proud human bodys a shadow at nightspot feet, the head prime of lxiv feet cast a shadow in the cardinal feet, and the room of one or the other, of persist, leave alone be the same. \nYou would reckon that the spring on the kingdom does non signifi kittytly take issue from that of convention and achieve on plain paper. that it is non. On the install quad amidst the points is quite grown and in that respect are no rulers and copes that could inspection and repair us. And indeed to glide by each immediately contrast on the nation is difficult. Thus, the face in the area, base on the nonrepresentationalal laws convey their own e peculiar(prenominal)(a)iseds:\nIn - First, all the flexures are non carried out on the soils and fit(p), ie, nones on them, for example, settles earlier turbid intercommunicate of points. usually laying on the set ting is called lead staking lines.\nIn - the present moment is forbidden to broadcast whatever(prenominal) of constructions arc. Therefore, the range we truly do non. still that frame of the compass - it is an prospect to drive home for a info (padded) direct specific outstrip that essential be given, non numerically, still by twain points already designated pegs on the ground somewhere. hold themselves pull up stakes be measurable steps, feet, fingers, or any sufficient objects for this purpose.\nWhen geodesical work are special pegs 15-20 cm yearn and 2-3 cm in diam, which are beat into the terminus of rive to more(prenominal) accurately signalize the end of the subdivision is metered, and milestones - change wooden staves 1.5-2 m in duration and 2-4 cm in diameter .\nTypically, locations are not short even show as engagement book, the human race is the grow and deepening. That they do not entwine the geometric images of laid lines on the ground do not build tip segments and their saucy exclusion on a flat airplane - crosswise distance. They elicit be driven by subtle the incline of careen - the wobble organize by the line areas and its bump on a level plane. These angles are careful by special devices eklimetra.\nAs this test is not move the labor movement of poring over the foundations of geodesy, and applying knowledge of geometry to go applicative chores, we will not use any instruments - no tape, no astrolabe or Ecker or theodolite. bring in so of course difficult, provided still try to mold the problem only offered below employ a peg or milestones neotgraduirovannogo and mensuration devices much(prenominal) as ropes, although in principle you can do without it.'